Question 1

What is the true cost of an employee?

Accepted Answer

The true cost includes salary, employer payroll taxes (Social Security, Medicare, FUTA, SUTA), health insurance, retirement contributions, workers' comp, paid time off, equipment, training, and office space. Most employers should budget 1.25x to 1.4x the base salary.

Question 2

How much do employer payroll taxes cost?

Accepted Answer

The employer pays 6.2% for Social Security (up to the wage base limit), 1.45% for Medicare, 0.6% for FUTA (federal unemployment), and a variable rate for SUTA (state unemployment). Combined, expect roughly 8-10% on top of salary.

Question 3

How do I calculate cost per productive hour?

Accepted Answer

Divide the total annual cost of the employee by their productive hours. Start with 2,080 work hours per year, subtract PTO, holidays, sick days, and non-productive time (meetings, training). The real number is often 1,700-1,800 hours.

Question 4

Is it cheaper to hire an employee or a contractor?

Accepted Answer

Contractors have a higher hourly rate, but you avoid payroll taxes, benefits, insurance, and overhead. For ongoing, core work, a W-2 employee is typically cheaper over time. For project-based or short-term needs, contractors often cost less overall because you only pay for hours worked.

Question 5

What employee costs do small businesses overlook?

Accepted Answer

The most commonly missed costs are onboarding and training time, software licenses, equipment, workers' comp insurance, unemployment insurance (FUTA and SUTA), and the productivity ramp-up period. A new employee rarely operates at full capacity in the first 3 months.

Question 6

How do I know if I can afford to hire?

Accepted Answer

Calculate the full loaded cost (salary times 1.25 to 1.4), then check two things: does your monthly revenue minus the new cost still cover all other expenses, and does the hire generate enough additional revenue or savings to pay for itself within 6 to 12 months?

Question 7

What is an overhead multiplier?

Accepted Answer

The overhead multiplier is the ratio of total employee cost to base salary. If salary is $50,000 and total cost is $65,000, the multiplier is 1.3x. This number varies by industry: professional services average 1.25 to 1.35x, construction and trades run 1.35 to 1.50x due to higher workers' comp and equipment costs.

Question 8

How much does health insurance cost per employee?

Accepted Answer

The average employer contribution for single coverage is around $7,000 to $8,500 per year. Family coverage averages $16,000 to $23,000 per year for the employer share. Small businesses often pay more per employee than large companies because they cannot negotiate the same group rates.

Employee True Cost Calculator for Real Estate Investing

Employee True Cost Calculator

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